Okay, Tallman! You asked for it! The original thirteen colonies are more likely to have English-based names from kings/queens (Maryland, Virgina, Georgia,) places (New York, New Hampshire, New Jersey,) with the random French influence for Vermont (Montes verdes, 'green mountains,) and the rest take a combo of Dutch/English and Native American names.
The midwest really relies heavily on N.A. names, some with a French twist; you see the patterns in lots of double consonants, ex. Illinois, Mississippi, and Tennessee.
A basic rundown of Spanish-derived state names...
Colorado (Colored Red -- the western slopes of the Rockies look totally red at sunset,) Nevada (Snowfall, referring to the snowcapped peaks,) California (being "hot as an oven" or a "lime oven" ("cali > hot", "fornus->forno > oven" + ending "ia" for a place,) Arizona (Zona árida-arid zone,) New Mexico (calqued from the Spanish, Nuevo Mexico,) Florida (Flowered + 'ia, place,) and Montana (Mountain) are all named from the Spanish. I first read these in one of my Spanish texts, but the Wiki has a section on it as well.
Spanish in the United States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A few extras:
Oklahoma = The state's name, derived from the words
okla and
homma, literally means "red people," and was chosen during the 1866 treaty negotiations by Allen Wright, the Principal Chief of the Choctaw Nation.
Tennessee = The word Tennessee comes from the Cherokee town Tanasi, which along with its neighbor town Chota was one of the most important Cherokee towns and often referred to as the capital city of the Overhill Cherokee. The meaning of the word "tanasi" is lost (Mooney, 1900). Some believe that Tanasi may mean "River with a big bend," referring to the Cumberland, or that the word Tanasi may have meant "gathering place", as a reference to government or worship for the Native American tribes pre-existent to the pioneer era.
Mississippi = The name Mississippi, which means "great river," comes from either Ojibwe, a
Native American language spoken around the river's headwaters, or some other closely related
Algonquian language (c.f. Ojibwe
misi-ziibi)
Apparently, both Oregon and Idaho were named by typographical errors, translated map problems or by straight-up hoax. You've got to appreciate the moxie it took Congressmen in the late 1800's to just make up a name for the new states being annexed out of the territories.!
Cheers!
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